How to weld pipe welds:

1.選擇焊接工藝參數。

1. select welding process parameters.

焊接工藝參數是指導焊接操作的重要依據，從根焊到填充、蓋焊，遵守焊接工藝規程，嚴格控制焊接工藝參數。

Welding process parameters are an important basis for guiding welding operations. From root welding to filling and capping welding, the welding process specification shall be observed and the welding process parameters shall be strictly controlled.

2.根焊。

2. root welding.

焊接前預熱:X70鋼級高，有較強的裂紋傾向，根焊前預熱，將坡口和周圍加熱到80~120℃。

Preheating before welding: X70 steel has high grade and strong crack tendency. Preheat before root welding and heat the groove and surrounding to 80~120 ℃.

根焊:采用E6010纖維素向下焊接，雙人組合從管頂焊接。起焊點從頂點超過中線的5mm~8mm開始焊接，從坡口表面引弧，將弧引到坡口根部，鈍邊熔融后沿焊接直接拖到下面。

Root welding: E6010 cellulose shall be used for downward welding, and the combination of two persons shall be welded from the top of the pipe. The starting point shall be welded from 5mm~8mm from the top to the center line, and the arc shall be struck from the groove surface to the groove root. After the blunt edge is melted, it shall be directly dragged down along the welding.

采用短弧操作，防止氣孔發生，有利于坡口根部熔融，防止未焊接和未熔融，同時防止內凹和塌陷，更換焊條時接頭充實。

Short arc operation is adopted to prevent air holes, which is conducive to the melting of groove root, to prevent non welding and non melting, to prevent concave and collapse, and to enrich the joints when replacing welding rods.

根焊結束后，表面的爐渣和飛濺。特別是焊接和坡口表面的邊界部要清掃干凈，以免在下層焊接時產生爐渣。

After root welding, remove the slag and splash on the surface. In particular, the boundary of the welding and groove surface shall be cleaned to avoid slag during the welding of the lower layer.

3.填充焊接:

3. filling welding:

填充層選擇林肯E81T8-Gφ2.0藥芯自保焊絲，手工半自動焊接。

Filling layer selection Lincoln e81t8-g φ 2.0 flux cored self shielded welding wire, manual and semi-automatic welding.

X70級鋼材有一定的開裂趨勢，為了防止開裂，保證層間溫度達到80℃以上，冬季焊接施工采取適當的加熱措施。根焊結束后，應立即清掃焊層，接著進行熱焊層和填充層的焊接填充層的焊接缺陷主要是氣孔、渣滓和未熔融。填充焊接時保持短弧焊接采用直線運輸條或稍作擺動的焊槍傾角從上到下調整.

Grade X70 steel has certain cracking tendency. In order to prevent cracking and ensure that the interlayer temperature reaches above 80 ℃, appropriate heating measures shall be taken for welding construction in winter. After the root welding, the welding layer shall be cleaned immediately, and then the welding of the thermal welding layer and the filler layer shall be carried out. The welding defects of the filler layer are mainly air holes, slag and unmelted. During filling welding, keep short arc welding, and adjust the inclination of the welding gun from top to bottom with a straight transport strip or a slight swing

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